手機(jī)版 2020-01-22
職稱英語綜合類重點(diǎn)語法解析(10)
名詞的所有格和雙重所有格
英語中除了人稱代詞,其他名詞沒有主格和賓格之分。表示一個(gè)名詞"…的"時(shí),稱為所有格,即"的格".英語中"的格"一般用介詞"of "或名詞后加"'"來表示,如:"學(xué)校的財(cái)產(chǎn)",原則上可以有兩種表達(dá)方式:the property of the school或 the school's property.但是若用此表達(dá)"魯迅的書" Luxun's book 或a book of Luxun時(shí),便可能出現(xiàn)意義上的混淆,即,也可能是"一本關(guān)于魯迅的書".因此,若要表示"魯迅(擁有的)書"時(shí),要表達(dá)為a book of Luxun's , 稱為"雙重所有格",即"of "與 "'"同時(shí)使用。
雙重所有格除了以上用途外,還表示親切,如:a friend of my father's比 my father's friend更顯親切。
解題思路:考試時(shí)如果你實(shí)在搞不清,應(yīng)傾向選擇有","的選項(xiàng),如:
My wife bought me ______ at a ______ shop.
A. a piece of clothes / tailors
B. a new clothing / tailor
C. an article of clothing, tailor's
D. a piece of clothing, tailor's
解題思路:這道題考兩個(gè)語法點(diǎn):?jiǎn)挝辉~和所有格。如果考生看不懂這個(gè)句子,一般應(yīng)在C、D中選擇,正確答案是C(一件衣服), "一塊布"用a piece of cloth
3、反身代詞-self /-selves
1) 反身代詞-self /-selves不能脫離其主格或賓格單獨(dú)使用,如不能說: The boss wanted to have a talk with herself.(老板想親自和她談?wù)劇?→ The boss (himself) wanted to have a talk with her herself. 實(shí)際使用中很少會(huì)這樣講話。
2) 注意以下表達(dá)方式:
of one's own / to oneself 如:She wants to have a room of her own (to herself) (她想要一間屬于自己的房間。)
on one's own 如:She wants to finish it on her own. (她想獨(dú)立完成這項(xiàng)工作。)
by oneself, 如:She has been living by herself for three years.(她已單身生活了三年。)
以上講了許多關(guān)于名詞的數(shù)與格問題,內(nèi)容似乎很多。但考試時(shí),此類題目只占1-2題,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)不要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間!